How is it diagnosed?

From symptoms, an examination, and scans such as ultrasound or MRI; a keyhole operation (laparoscopy) can confirm it. Treatment can often start without surgery.

The doctor may ask whether close relatives have had endometriosis. Some sources still describe laparoscopy as the only definitive test, while the WHO notes that a diagnosis can be made from symptoms and imaging and that surgery isn't necessarily needed before treatment.